Mathematics
Intermediate
50 mins
Teacher/Student led
+65 XP
What you need:
IWB/Projector/Large Screen

The Equals Sign Means Balance

Explore what the equals sign really means by using scales to show that both sides of a number sentence must weigh the same. Build matching sums and recognise true and false number sentences.

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    1 - Getting Started ~4 mins

    Illustration for Getting StartedA number sentence is a maths statement with numbers and an equals sign, like 5 + 2 = 7. Look at this claim on the board: 5 + 2 = 7, and then 7 = 5 + 2. Is the second one allowed? Hands up: does the equals sign only work with the answer on the right, or can the answer sit on the left too?

    2 - Watch and Notice ~9 mins

    Watch three sets of scales. Look at whether the beam is level or tilted, and read what is on each pan. When is the beam level, and what does a level beam tell us?

    Hands up: is that beam telling us the two sides match, or not?

    This last one is the surprise. One pupil predicts: can two different-looking sides still balance?

    3 - Try It Together ~11 mins

    Now it is your turn on the board. One pan shows 7 and the other pan is empty. Build a sum on the empty pan so the beam sits level. There is more than one right answer, so find a few different sums that all make 7.

    Level the scales

    4 - Write True Sentences in Your Copy ~3 mins

    COPYBOOK MOMENT

    In your maths copy, write three true number sentences that balance. Use a different total for each one, for example:

    • 3 + 4 = 7
    • 6 + 2 = 8
    • 5 + 4 = 9

    Then write one number sentence that does not balance. Tick the three true ones.

    5 - Class Challenge ~8 mins

    Now you balance scales where one pan already has a sum. Work these in order: 8 = ? + 5, then 4 + 6 = ? + 3. Each time, find the missing number that keeps the beam level, and check it before moving on.

    The last two are bigger, so build them the same way each time: total the whole side you can first, then work out the missing part. For 12 = 5 + 4 + ?, add 5 + 4 to make 9, so you need what plus 9 makes 12. For 7 + 8 = 10 + ?, total the left side first: 7 + 8 = 15. Now ask: what plus 10 makes 15? Find each missing number and let the beam confirm it.

    Find the missing number

    Pupil practice
    Module 10 · Algebra: Patterns, Rules and Number Sentences Mixed
    Lesson 120 · The Equals Sign Means Balance
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