Display the two shop tags (€200 with 10% off, then 50% off) as pupils settle. Take three hands-up answers for each, not open call-outs. Give five seconds of quiet think-time before hands go up.

Don't confirm the exact figures yet — we'll work out the quick way to do these in a moment. Listen for whether pupils already reach for 'a tenth' and 'a half' — that's the friendly-fraction idea the whole lesson hangs on.

For each bar: name the friendly fraction, then the divide step, then read the value off the shaded part.

50% of 80: a half, divide by 2, one part is 40.

25% of 60: a quarter, divide by 4. Ask the class to predict one part, then confirm it is 15.

10% of 200: a tenth, divide by 10, one part is 20. This is the one that generalises: divide by ten is fast, and 10% is the building block for the next step.

Head off the slip: 50% is not take 50 off, it is half whatever the total is.

This round is for talking it through together — pupils take turns at the board and the class agrees or corrects out loud.

Drive the ratio-bars on the IWB in explore mode; set the total, split into the friendly number of parts, shade the number the percent asks for, and read each part's value off the bar.

• 20% of 50 — split 50 into ten tenths (each 5), shade two: 10. Draw out that 20% is two lots of 10%.
• 75% of 40 — the key one. Split 40 into four quarters (each 10), shade three: 30. Ask the class to spot that this is 50% (20) plus 25% (10).
• 30% of 40 — split 40 into ten tenths (each 4), shade three: 12. Confirm the build-from-tenths trick holds.

Individual pupils come up to set the bar each time; the rest predict one-part size first.

Read the artefact aloud line by line, pausing on each highlighted move. This inverse case is the stretch idea for the lesson — the strongest pupils will meet it again in the Class Challenge.

Emphasise the key reversal: a quarter is 5, so the whole is four times 5. Keep it concrete — a €5 discount that was 25% off means the original was €20.